Antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depression are significant mental health conditions that can profoundly impact the pregnancy, birth and early parenting experience. Despite affecting up to 1 in 5 women, these conditions often go undiagnosed, partly because the symptoms can be mistaken for normal pregnancy concerns or the adjustment to parenthood.
Recognising the signs is the first step toward getting help. During pregnancy, antenatal anxiety or depression might manifest as persistent worry that feels impossible to control, intrusive thoughts about harm coming to the baby, sleep disturbances beyond normal pregnancy discomfort, feeling disconnected from the pregnancy, or withdrawal from previously enjoyed activities and relationships.
After birth, postnatal anxiety or depression might show up as constant worry about the baby's wellbeing that interferes with daily functioning, intrusive thoughts about harm coming to the baby, difficulty bonding, feelings of guilt or inadequacy as a parent, sleep difficulties even when the baby is sleeping, appetite changes, irritability, or a pervasive sense of sadness or emptiness.
For some women, these feelings can escalate to panic attacks, which might include symptoms like racing heart, shortness of breath, dizziness, sweating and a sense of impending doom. Others might experience compulsive behaviours to try to manage their anxiety, such as excessive checking on the baby or seeking constant reassurance.
Birth trauma is a significant factor in the development of postnatal depression and anxiety. When a woman experiences her birth as frightening, out of control, or violating, the psychological aftermath can be profound. This is precisely why the mission behind My Body My Birth™ cards is so important, to empower women with knowledge and confidence that can help reduce traumatic birth experiences. By understanding your options and feeling prepared to advocate for yourself, you can significantly lower the risk of experiencing birth as traumatic, which in turn helps protect your mental health during the vulnerable postpartum period.
If you recognise these symptoms in yourself or someone close to you, please know that help is available and recovery is absolutely possible. The first step is often speaking with your midwife, GP or obstetrician, who can provide an assessment and connect you with appropriate support services. Many perinatal mental health specialists offer tailored treatment approaches that acknowledge the unique challenges of managing mental health during this life stage.
Treatment options might include: Talking therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which has strong evidence for treating anxiety and depression Medication that is safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, if needed Peer support groups that connect you with others who understand firsthand Practical support with baby care and household tasks to reduce overall stress
Risk factors for developing these conditions include previous mental health concerns, a traumatic birth experience, lack of social support, significant life stressors, sleep deprivation and having a temperamentally challenging baby. However, it's important to understand that these conditions can affect anyone, regardless of their circumstances or history.
Birth partners play a crucial role in both identifying symptoms that might be overlooked and supporting access to appropriate care. If you are a birth partner, familiarise yourself with the signs and check in regularly with genuine questions about mental wellbeing, not just physical recovery.
Remember that experiencing anxiety or depression doesn't mean you've failed or that you're not a good parent. These are health conditions, not character flaws, and seeking help is a sign of strength and commitment to your wellbeing and your baby's.
With proper support, you can fully recover and go on to enjoy a deep, connected relationship with your child. The journey of parenthood is challenging enough without the added burden of untreated mental health conditions, so please reach out for the support you deserve.
Resources in NZ
Perinatal Anxiety & Depression Aotearoa (PADA)
Mothers Helpers
https://www.mothershelpers.co.nz
Directory of support services
https://www.mhwc.govt.nz/where-to-get-support/
Postnatal depression support
https://healthify.nz/support/p/postnatal-depression-pnd-support
Leave a comment